Video & Scriptwriting / Storyboarding

Map shot sizes to storytelling intent — visual grammar for professional shot selection.
Difficulty: Intermediate
Model: GPT-4 / Claude / Gemini
Use Case: Visual Grammar, Shot Selection
Updated: June 2026
Why This Prompt Exists
Shot size determines what the audience feels. Extreme wide says “insignificant.” Close-up says “intimate.” Most creators use the same few shot sizes for everything.

You get:

  • close-ups for action scenes (can’t see movement, disorienting)
  • wide shots for emotional moments (no connection, distant)
  • medium shots for everything (safe, boring, no variety)
  • no extreme close-ups for detail (missed intensity)
  • inconsistent shot sizes within same scene type

But shot sizes have specific emotional jobs:

  • extreme wide (EWS): subject tiny in frame — isolation, scale, awe
  • wide/establishing (WS): full body + environment — context, location
  • medium (MS): waist up — conversation, connection
  • medium close-up (MCU): chest up — engagement, warmth
  • close-up (CU): face only — emotion, intimacy, intensity
  • extreme close-up (ECU): eyes, hands, detail — threat, reveal, texture
  • cut-in: detail of object — emphasis, information
  • over-shoulder (OS): behind one character — dialogue, perspective

Without shot size variety, videos feel flat.

This prompt classifies shot sizes by storytelling intent.

The Prompt
Assume the role of a visual grammar specialist who classifies shot sizes.

Your task is to recommend shot sizes based on narrative intent.

Generate:

1. SHOT SIZE CLASSIFICATION

| Shot Size | Abbreviation | Frame | Emotional Signal | Best For | Avoid For |
|-----------|--------------|-------|------------------|----------|-----------|
| Extreme wide | EWS | Tiny subject | Isolation, awe, scale | Landscapes, establishing | Emotion, dialogue |
| Wide / Establishing | WS | Full body + env | Context, location | Action, group scenes | Intimate moments |
| Medium | MS | Waist up | Connection, conversation | Dialogue, interviews | High action |
| Medium close-up | MCU | Chest up | Warmth, engagement | News, vlogs, emotion | Action sequences |
| Close-up | CU | Face only | Emotion, intimacy | Reactions, emotional beats | Context, environment |
| Extreme close-up | ECU | Eyes, hands, detail | Threat, intensity, texture | Suspense, reveals, details | Full scenes |
| Cut-in | CI | Object detail | Emphasis, information | Props, text, features | People (use CU instead) |
| Over-shoulder | OS | Behind one character | Perspective, dialogue | Conversations | Action, movement |

2. EMOTION TO SHOT SIZE MAP

| Emotion | Primary Shot Size | Secondary | Reason |
|---------|-------------------|-----------|--------|
| Isolation/Loneliness | EWS | WS | Shows subject alone in environment |
| Connection/Warmth | MCU | MS | Close enough for engagement |
| Tension/Suspense | ECU | CU | Intensity, detail |
| Joy/Celebration | WS | MS | Group, movement, energy |
| Sadness/Grief | CU | ECU | Focus on face, eyes |
| Surprise/Revelation | CU (reaction) | ECU (detail) | Captures expression |
| Power/Dominance | Low angle WS | EWS | Subject larger than environment |
| Fear/Vulnerability | CU | ECU | Vulnerable, exposed |

3. SCENE TYPE TO SHOT SIZE MAP

| Scene Type | Primary Size | Secondary | Sequence Pattern |
|------------|--------------|-----------|------------------|
| Establishing location | EWS | WS | EWS → WS → MS |
| Two-person dialogue | MS or OS | CU (reactions) | OS A → OS B → CU A → CU B |
| Emotional revelation | CU | ECU | MS → CU → ECU |
| Action sequence | WS | MS | WS for movement, CU for impact |
| Horror/suspense | ECU | CU | ECU (detail) → CU (reaction) |
| Romantic moment | MCU | CU | MCU (both) → CU (each) |
| Comedy | MS | CU | MS for setup, CU for punchline |
| Product detail | CI | ECU | WS (context) → CI (detail) |

4. SHOT SIZE TRANSITIONS

| Transition | Effect | Example |
|------------|--------|---------|
| WS → CU | Reveals emotion from context | Character in crowd → character's face |
| CU → WS | Reveals scale of situation | Shocked face → explosion behind |
| MS → ECU | Intensifies detail | Hand reaching → hand touching object |
| EWS → WS → MS | Gradually increases intimacy | Far landscape → closer → character |

5. SHOT SIZE HIERARCHY BY IMPORTANCE

| Character Importance | Shot Size | Reason |
|---------------------|-----------|--------|
| Protagonist | CU, MCU | Audience connects emotionally |
| Antagonist | MS, WS (often) | Maintains distance, mystery |
| Sidekick | MS, MCU | Important but secondary |
| Background | WS, EWS | Minimal connection |

6. COMMON SHOT SIZE MISTAKES

| Mistake | Why It Fails | Correct Shot Size |
|---------|--------------|-------------------|
| CU for action scene | Can't see movement | WS or MS |
| WS for emotional moment | No connection | CU or MCU |
| MS for everything | Boring, no variety | Vary sizes by beat |
| No ECU for detail | Missed intensity | ECU for objects, reactions |
| Inconsistent sizes | Visual confusion | Establish pattern, then break intentionally |

INPUTS:

Scene description:
[E.G., "A character receives bad news"]

Emotional intent:
[E.G., "Sadness, shock, devastation"]

Character importance:
[PROTAGONIST / ANTAGONIST / SIDEKICK / BACKGROUND]

Action taking place:
[E.G., "Standing still, reading, reacting"]

RULES:
- EWS for isolation and scale (shows subject tiny in environment)
- WS for action and context (shows full body and surroundings)
- MS for conversation and connection (waist up, engages viewer)
- MCU for warmth and engagement (chest up, intimate but not intense)
- CU for emotion and intimacy (face only, shows feeling)
- ECU for threat, detail, intensity (eyes, hands, objects)
- CI for product, text, prop emphasis (object only)
- OS for dialogue perspective (behind one character)
- Vary shot sizes every 2-4 shots (prevents visual monotony)
How To Use It
  • EWS for isolation and scale — shows the subject tiny in the environment.
  • WS for action and context — shows full body and surroundings.
  • MS for conversation and connection — waist up, engages the viewer.
  • MCU for warmth and engagement — chest up, intimate but not intense.
  • CU for emotion and intimacy — face only, shows feeling.
  • ECU for threat, detail, intensity — eyes, hands, objects.
  • CI for product, text, or prop emphasis — object only.
  • OS for dialogue perspective — behind one character, over the shoulder.
  • Vary shot sizes every 2-4 shots — prevents visual monotony.
Example Input

Scene description:
“A protagonist learns that their loved one is safe after believing they were lost”

Emotional intent:
“Relief, joy, overwhelming emotion”

Character importance:
“PROTAGONIST”

Action taking place:
“Receiving news, reacting, embracing”

Why It Works
Most creators default to medium shots for everything — safe, boring, and emotionally flat.

This framework improves outcomes by forcing:

  • shot size classification (EWS, WS, MS, MCU, CU, ECU, CI, OS)
  • emotion-to-shot-size mapping (which size for which feeling)
  • scene-to-shot-size mapping (what size for dialogue, action, emotion)
  • shot size transitions (how to move between sizes for effect)
  • hierarchy by importance (protagonist gets more close-ups)

Failure modes this prevents:

  • Close-ups for action scenes (can’t see movement, disorienting)
  • Wide shots for emotional moments (no connection, distant)
  • Medium shots for everything (safe, boring, no variety)
  • No extreme close-ups for detail (missed intensity)

This improves on: Single-shot-size videos. Strategic shot size variation adds emotional depth.

Related to: SB-01 (Shot Sequence) for ordering; SB-02 (Movement) for camera motion.

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See also  Camera Movement Specifier